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F203.SBE
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1996-08-23
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@061 CHAP 9
┌───────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ INTERNAL CONTROLS CHECKLIST │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────┘
Many small businesses are deficient when it comes to
maintaining proper internal accounting and financial
controls. Such laxity is often to blame when a bookkeeper
goes on vacation to Brazil and doesn't bother to return.
While consulting a certified public accountant is highly
advisable in determining whether your business has adequate
internal controls, the following 10-point checklist will
also be helpful in a review of your procedures:
1. Do not let the same person handle your cash receipts
and also make bank deposits (unless this person is you).
2. A person who has the authority to sign checks should
not also be the person who writes them out.
3. Whoever signs checks, you or another person, should
only sign them when the bill that is being paid is presented
at the time for scrutiny, and the check number should be
written on the bill at the time, to avoid double payments
or payments to a non-existent vendor that is actually your
employee's Swiss bank account. At the time you sign a
check, be sure you know what the bill is for.
4. Consider using some type of mechanical check
imprinting equipment for all checks that are written, as
a further means of preventing unauthorized payments. Such
machines keep a record of the amount of any checks written.
5. Use only pre-numbered checks and keep all of the
canceled (or voided) checks in your records. This will help
make it readily apparent if any additional checks are written
without your knowledge.
6. Do a monthly bank reconciliation yourself, or have
your outside accountant do it, if you have one. NEVER let
the person who writes checks do the bank reconciliation.
We personally know of a successful professional firm that
was nearly bankrupted because they allowed their in-house
bookkeeper to do both jobs, since she was the ex-wife of
one of the three partners in the firm and was considered
to be totally trustworthy. That little lapse of judgment
on their part wound up costing the firm well over half a
million dollars.
7. Deposit your daily cash receipts in the bank each
day. Don't let cash collections for one day get mingled
with the next day's collections.
8. Use a petty cash fund and voucher system for stamps,
small bills, and other small cash outlays. Do not use cash
from the day's receipts to pay bills! Put a voucher or
bill in the petty cash box each time money is taken out.
When the fund is depleted, write a check to bring it back
up to the maximum amount (say $100), and record all the
vouchers at the time the check is cashed to replenish the
fund.
9. Use prenumbered sets of sales checks, invoices, and
receipts to keep control of payments made and received.
Duplicates will be kept track of by the individuals making
sales, etc., and the master copy will enable you to make
sure they account for all their transactions.
10. Maintain a master or control account for all of
your accounts receivable, and reconcile it each month to
the subsidiary accounts. If someone is stealing money from
customer payments, it will be easier to spot if the master
and subsidiary accounts are reconciled regularly.